This book focuses on modern way to improve fruit plants. The book consists of 28 chapters. Efforts have been made to incorporate information on history, trends, principles, inconventional breeding techniques, developing fruit cultivator, intellectual property rights, grape, raspberry, strawberry, apple, apricot, cherry, peach, plum, citrus, mango, banana, papaya, lychee, guava, coconut, pineapple, pomegranate, jackfruit, issues and concerns. Important references have been cited for detailed reading. It is hoped that this book will be of immense value to students of pomology, horticulture, agriculture and plant breeding courses related to fruit breeding and fruit production. This book is very useful reference source for professional fruit breeders as well as fruit traders, agricultural extension officers and policy makers who wish to became familiar with the topic in relation to their professional interest. Dr. Z. Abraham worked as a Senior Researcher (Fruit Breeding) in Jimma Agricultural Research Center at Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Centre (EIAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.