Basic sanitation to the people of rural India is one of the important issues on which the debate has been going-on for the last 30 years in India without arriving any concrete solutions for clean India. To accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage and to put focus on sanitation, the Prime Minister Modi launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) on 2nd October, 2014. The book presents a vivid picture of the rural sanitation and its implementation strategies from the perspective of the rural people under the new dispensation of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. It is in this context that the book focuses on the need to carry out a futuristic introspection of rural sanitation in the context of to achieve a ‘Clean India’ by 2019. The contribution made by distinguished social workers, researchers, NGO functionaries and administrators identify emerging challenges and suggest the ways and means to evolve a mechanism for a healthy India and clean India with active participation of Panchayati Raj Institutions in rural India.