The book attempts to bring the understanding of theology from different aspects and its growth from the beginning to the present day context. The grounding of the research is more or less based on the Serampore syllabus for the better understanding of Christian theology. This book tries to survey the traditional as well as contemporary understanding of theology and brings its relevance for contextual theological developments. It, inter-alia, is an outcome of much discussions, enormous reading, and teaching in the classes. At the first instance, the book covers different terminological clarifications and then it elaborates on the different streams of Christian theology. It exhibits the basic sources of theology on which the Christian theology has developed and is actively developing in the areas still needed. This book further tries to deal with the historical development of Christian theology where the emphasis has been on the early teachers of: faith (Church Fathers), medieval thinking, enlightenment; and 19th century liberal discussions. The book also deals with the contemporary developments in Christian theology where the discussion on Neo-Orthodoxy, Existentialism is brought forth. This study on Christian theology, in a simple language, is not only meant for theological students but also for lay-persons, a very great deal of what they need to know for being able to keep themselves up-to-date with the current theological trends all over the world.