The Gangetic Plains is a unique eco-region of India spread over largely in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar with river Ganges forming its lifeline. Much of the forests cover of Gangetic Plains has been destroyed on account of spread of agriculture and urbanization due to very large human and livestock population inhabiting this region. The area still has some fine tracts of grasslands, swamps and forests having unique assemblage of plants and animals. This book is an attempt to bring together vast information available on plants and animals of this region. The synthesis of information allowed identification of major gaps which exists in our understanding of unique range of biodiversity values of this region. This book provides a holistic conservation strategy which if implemented will go a long way in successful conservation of entire gamut of Biodiversity of Gangetic Plains.