The child is an important national asset for a country, and the future of every country is dependent upon the maturity and growth of its children. Our culture’s primary aim has always been toward shielding children from all forms of neglect and violence. In the past, there have been a lot of cases of child exploitation, in the form of sexual abuse, marriage, underfeeding, verbal abuse, child battery, child prostitution, child pornography, and child labor. One of the most important topics for debate that has emerged in this new millennium is that of children’s rights. In this evolutionary era of globalization, childcare has taken a back seat at each point. It is beyond question that the future of humanity depends to a large extent on children, but even during that time, a very selective and parochial approach was taken before placing them on social and political agendas. Several laws have been made and policy measures have been adopted to protect the interests of children. It, however, reveals that the rights of children are still not attained in India. This book introduces and highlights, constitutional provisions, legislations, key judicial decisions, and policies of the state prevailing in India for the enforcement of children’s rights. The emergence of the concept of child rights took place during the twentieth century and this shifted the focus from child welfare to child rights. This approach also implied obligation and goals. The international legal system is playing a pivotal role in the upliftment of child rights in India. The international aspect of child rights aims towards discussing the rights related to children. Child protection has existed for a long time, much before the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child. States began implementing such protection through international treaties in form of declarations and conventions through statements directly about children or through indirect means by protecting families and mothers.