CONTENTS: Preface ........................................................................................... 7 Introduction .................................................................................. 9 1. Evolution of Shariah Law ............................................. 29 • Definition of Fiqh • Origins and Development of Usul Al Fiqh • The First Stage: Foundation (609-632 AD) • II. The Second Stage: Establishment • Legal Apparatus of the Righteous Caliphs • The Absence of Factionalism • Characteristics of Fiqh during this Period • The Third Stage: Building • Division of Ummah • Deviation of the Umayyad Caliphs • Dispersion of Ulema • Fabrication of Hadiths • Characteristics of Fiqh in the Umayyad period • Reason for Differences • Compilation of Fiqh • The Fourth Stage: Flowering • The Development of Fiqh • Period of the Great Imams • Period of the Minor Scholars • B. Court Debate • The Sources of Islamic Law • THE MADH-HABS: SCHOOLS OF ISLAMIC LEGAL THOUGHT • The Hanafi Madh-habs: Founder Imam Abu Hanifa (703-767 AD) • THE AWZAA’EE MADH-HABS: FOUNDER IMAM AL-AWZAA’EE (708-774 AD) • THE MALIKI MADH-HAB: FOUNDER IMAM MALIK (717-801 AD) • Main Students of the Mailik Madh-habs • Abu ‘Abdur-Rahmaan ibn al-Qasim (745-813 AD) • Abu Abdillaah ibn Wahab (742-819 AD) • THE ZAYDI MADH-HAB: FOUNDER IMAM ZAYD (700-740 AD) • Formation of the Zaydi Madh-habs • Source of Law used by the Zaydi Madhhabs • The Laythee Madh-habs: The Founder: Imam al-Layth (716-791 AD) • Reasons for the Madh-habs Disappearence • The Thawree Madh-habs: The Founder: Imam ath-Thawree (719-777 AD) • Reasons for the Madh-habs Disappearance • The Shafi’ii Madh-habs: The Founder: Imam Ash-Shafi’ii (769-820 AD) • Formation of Shafi’ii Madh-habs • The Hambali Madh-habs: The Founder: Imam Ahmad (778-855 AD) • The Dhaahiri Madhhab: The Founder: Imam Dawood (815-883 AD) • The Jariri Madhhab: The Founder: Imam at- Tabari (839-923 AD) • THE FIFTH STAGE: CONSOLIDATION • Four School of Thoughts or Madhhabs • THE SIXTH STAGE: STAGNATION AND DECLINE • Emergence of Taqlid • Reason for Taqlid • The Imams and Taqlid • Imam Abu Hanifa and Taqlid • Imam Malik and Taqlid • Imam Ash-Shafi’ii and Taqlid • Imam Ahmad ibn Hambal and Taqlid • Period of Reformers • Difference among the Ummah • Differences among the Sahaabah (Companions of Prophet PBUH) • References. 2. Analysis of the Interviews .......................................... 123 3. Islamic Family Laws in Other Countries .................. 157 • Legal Profiles: Organisation • Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria • State of Bahrain • Peoples Republic of Bangladesh • Brunei (Negara Brunei Darussalam) • Legal History • Arab Republic of Egypt • Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia • Republic of the Gambia • Republic of Ghana • Republic of India • Republic of Indonesia • Islamic Republic of Iran • Law/Case Reporting System • State of Israel • Legal History • Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan • Republic of Kenya • State of Kuwait • Lebanon (Lebanese Republic) • Libya (Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya) • Malaysia • Republic of Maldives • Morocco, Kingdom of (and Western Sahara) • Federal Republic of Nigeria • Sultanate of Oman • Islamic Republic of Pakistan • Palestine/Palestinian Territories of West Bank and Gaza Strip • Republic of the Philippines • State of Qatar • Kingdom of Saudi Arabia • Republic of Senegal • Republic of Singapore • Republic of Singapore • Somalia • Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka • Republic of the Sudan • Syria (Syrian Arab Republic) • United Republic of Tanzania • Republic of Tunisia • Notable Features • Background and Sources • United Arab Emirates • Republic of Yemen. 4. Conclusion ................................................................... 339 Muslim Family Law (Draft) ....................................... 355 Index ............................................................................ 369 This book is a result of research project supported by the ICSSR about codification of family law for the Muslim community within Quranic framework. Extensive survey was carried out discussions were held with learned religious leaders of different Islamic schools of jurisprudence. The proposed family code takes into account sensibilities of all Islamic schools of jurisprudence and the Quranic principles of gender justice after studying family laws for Muslims in various countries.