The primary goal of economic development in developing economies is to promote higher standard of living of the masses. A number of issues are throwing-up enormous challenges presently in the path towards development of developing economies like India. The present volume consisting of seventeenth papers highlights some contemporary key developmental issues in India. The papers included in this volume address with analytical rigour some important issues in India like globalisation and economic reforms, education, health, efficiency in agricultural and industrial development, international mobility of foreign capital, resource mobilisation of Panchayats, economics of high value crop production, sustainable irrigation, Tagore’s thoughts on rural development etc. The papers have strong policy relevance in the current context of economic development in India as well other developing economies.