Contents: Introduction. 1. Locating the Social: An Outline of Social Structure. 2. The Democratic Movement: Coming of Backward Class Movement. 3. How the Dominants Fought?: Caste Dynamics in Naxalite Movement. 4. Between Naxalism and Democracy: SCs Struggle for Liberation. 5. What happened to the MBC: Story of Persistent Marginalization. 6. Backward Classes and New Social Order: End of Movement Persistene of Sentiment. Conclusions: Social Structure and Social Movements . Why men rebel? What is the logic of political alliances? How agents and social structure interact during the course of social movements? By studying intensively the Bihars backward class movement, the book tries to explore and answer some of these questions. Based upon first hand information about the region under study, an attempt has been made to understand the relation between social structure and social movements. Social movement is a long drawn process, whereas in initial years, a group of people struggle to create conducive environment (social structure) for the origin of social movement. Initially, the social structure remains hostile, since erstwhile dominants use harsh measures to crush any voice that may go against their domination. However, some people having vision, perseverance and charisma prepare the environment for the origin and growth of the movement. In course of time as the situation becomes favourable, large number of people becomes part of the movement leading to significant change in the social structure. However, further change in social structure makes the situation hostile for the sustenance of the social movement. At this point of time the movement starts losing its steam.