Kosambi (Pali) or Kaushambi (Sanskrit) was an important city in ancient India. It was the capital of the Vatsa kingdom, one of the sixteen mahajanapadas. It was located on the Yamuna River about 56 kilometres (35 mi) southwest of its confluence with the Ganges at Prayaga (modern Prayagraj). During 2nd millennium BCE Ochre Coloured Pottery culture spread in the region. Kosambi was one of the greatest cities in India from the late Vedic period until the end of Maurya Empire with occupation continuing until the Gupta Empire. As a small town, it was established in the late Vedic period, by the rulers of Kuru Kingdom as their new capital. The initial Kuru capital Hastinapur was destroyed by floods, and the Kuru King transferred his entire capital with the subjects to a new capital that he built near the Ganga-Jamuma confluence, which was 56 km away from the southernmost part of the Kuru Kingdom now as Prayagraj previously called Allahabad. About The Author: Nagendra Nath Ghosh (1854-1909), M.A. Head of the department of History and Civics, Ewing Christian College, Allahabad; Author of the growth of the Indian constitution; Collaborator with Major B. D. Basu in ‘India under the British Crown’ Hony life Member, Allahabad Archaeological Society, Member, Numismatic Society of India. Most widely held works by Nagendra Nath Ghosh; Comparative administrative law, with special reference to the organization and legal position of the administrative authorities in British India; Indo-Aryan literature and culture (origins); The Aryan trail in Iran and India; a naturalistic study of the Vedic hymns and the Avesta; Early history of India; Early history of Kausambi, from the sixth century B.C. to the eleventh century A.D; Memoirs of Maharaja Nubkissen Bahadur etc.