In present era the modern surgical techniques as well as the instruments are getting advanced; new varieties of instruments are designed differently. But the fundamental mechanics and design of the instruments and techniques are tensed to same as before. (From the Stone Age different types of machineries are created by the Homo sapiens.) Our ancient Acharyas gives so many descriptions about instruments by which they can perform the eight different fundamental surgical techniques. Then in this modern civilization that instruments are improvised and newer derivative instruments are created. For ayurvedic student it is very difficult to identify these modernised instrument by Ayurvedic point of view. In this book the author tried to reduce the exhaustion of searching and correlating the surgical instruments mentioned in Ayurveda with the modern science. Every instrument is correlated on the basis of design and on the purpose of use. Every heading of the instruments are describing the length, uses, correlations and descriptions mentioned in Samhitas. The description of the instruments mentioned in the Sushruta samhita, Astanga hridaya, Astanga samgraha, Charaka samhita and other Ayurvedic commentary like Dalhana teeka, Chakrapani teeka are described and the correlations are made. Some descriptions are given as per description mentioned in the ayurvedic texts and on the basis of imagination. Lastly some instruments which are commonly used in different branches of medical sciences are given with ayurvedic correlations; that gives a clear cut idea about the yantra and shastras. Overall the history, present and future of the surgical instruments are discussed in this book. There is no doubt that this book will be very much useful for Ayurvedic students to get ideas about modern surgical instruments and Ayurvedic yantra and shastras.