Human development emerged as the new paradigm of economic development. It has became the crucial aspect of economic development and considers human being the real capital of the nation. This calls for utmost care to develop the human resource. The direction of economic development from concentration of material wealth shifted to accumulation of human capital. Health is an important means to enhance human capabilities. Located in the southernmost part of Assam, Barak Valley region has always experienced the poor condition of the delivery of health care services in the rural areas. There is lack of awareness among the people about the necessity and ways to maintain good health. One of the significant initiatives adopted by the Government of India is National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in 2005. With the launch of the programme extensive health service activities were initiated for the rural people. The present book endeavours to find the actual impact of the various rural health care services under NRHM on the people of the Barak Valley region of North East India.