“Provocative, even controversial, Military Strategy, Joint Operations, and Airpower is a competing departure from seminal concepts in military strategy and doctrinal norms that seeks to establish new paradigms in the way we conceive of the military instrument of power. There is particularly excellent work in the sections on operational design, the roles of intelligence and ISR, and global mobility and agility. This work will stimulate critical thinking for anyone interested in modern war and the Joint Force as well as strategic studies.” —GEN. CHARLES H. JACOBY JR., USA (RET.) Military/Security Studies Military Strategy, Joint Operations, and Airpower will introduce readers to contemporary strategy and the operational level of war, particularly as it relates to airpower. This intermediate textbook was developed as required reading for all US Air Force Academy cadets and is designed to close the gap between military theory and military practice. It asks readers to reconceive of the military as a “profession of effects” rather than as a profession of arms because much of the military’s work and impact no longer involves kinetic warfare. The book covers strategic foundations; operational design and joint-service operations; the air, space, and cyber capabilities that make up modern airpower; and contemporary challenges in the application of strategy. The contributing authors include both military practitioners and scholars of security studies, political science, and history. In addition to being required reading for Air Force Academy cadets, the book will provide an essential overview of strategy and practice for anyone interested in modern airpower and the joint operating environment. Editors Ryan Burke, Michael Fowler and Kevin McCaskey Ryan Burke is an associate professor in the Department of Military and Strategic Studies at the US Air Force Academy (USAFA) and was formerly a captain in the US Marine Corps. Lt. Col. Michael Fowler is an associate professor in the Department of Military and Strategic Studies at USAFA. Lt. Col. Kevin McCaskey is an assistant professor in the Department of Military and Strategic Studies at USAFA. Contents List of Illustrations Foreword by Lt. Gen. Christopher D. Miller (USAF, Ret.) ix Preface Acknowledgments Part I. An Introduction to Contemporary Strategy Introduction Kevin McCaskey 1. Defi ning Contemporary Military Strategy Thomas Drohan 2. Strategic Foundations John T. Farquhar 3. Operational Design: One Method of Reconciling Ends, Ways, and Means Ryan Burke 4. The Ways of War: Constructing a Compellence Strategy Michael Fowler 5 Capabilities That Generate Effects Kevin McCaskey Part II. Airpower Strategy and Levels of Effects Introduction Thomas Swaim 6. Airpower for Strategic Effect: Classic to Contemporary Airpower Theory John T. Farquhar 7. Multidomain Airpower Strategy: Integrating Air, Space, and Cyber Assets 89 Jahara W. Matisek 8. Intelligence, ISR, and Strategy 104 Michael Fowler Part III. Air, Space, and Cyber Effects Introduction Michael Martindale 9. Global Precision Engagement Dan Hoadley 10. Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support Kevin McCaskey 11. Airpower and Irregular Warfare: A Battle of Ideas John T. Farquhar 12. Space Power Michael Martindale 13. Offense and Defense in Cyberspace Evan Perkoski and Michael Poznansky Part IV. Defense Organization and the Joint Operating Environment Introduction Ryan Burke 14. Goldwater-Nichols and the Evolution of the Joint Force Brent J. Talbot 15. Roles and Missions of the Armed Services Brian Drohan 16. Special Operations Michael Golembesky Part V. Contemporary Challenges in the Application of Strategy Introduction Michael Fowler 17. Flawed Reasoning and Bias in Decision-Making Laura Resnick-Samotin 18. Unmanned Aerial Systems Kevin McCaskey 19. Expanding DoD Missions and Mission Creep Ryan Burke 20. Constructing Effects: A Strategic Theory of Security Cooperation Michael Fowler 21. Hybrid Warfare: The End of Conventional Wars in the Twenty-First Century? William Reno 22. Innovation and Organizational Politics Justin Key Canfi l 23. Analyzing ISIS in the Contemporary Environment Iris Malone Conclusion Ryan Burke List of Contributors