Contents: Introduction: Modernity and Hinduism/Torkel Brekke. 1. Early Modern Hinduism/Adrian Plau. 2. Rammohun Roy and the Bengal Renaissance/Dermot Killingley. 3. Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay and modern Hinduism/Hans Harder. 4. Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati and ISKCON/Ferdinando Sardella. 5. Murti, Idol, Art and Commodity: The Multiple Identities of Hindu Images/Tanisha Ramachandran. 6. Indian Cinema and Modern Hinduism/Gayatri Chatterjee. 7. Hindu Pilgrimage and Modern Tourism/Knut Aukland. 8. Hinduism and New Age: Patrimonial Oneness and Religious Cosmopolitanism/Kathinka Froystad. 9. Online Hinduism/Heinz Scheifinger. 10.The Modern Hindu Diaspora/Vineeta Sinha. 11. The History of Hindu Nationalism in India/Manjari Katju. 12. Caste and Contemporary Hindu Society: Community, Politics and Work/Divya Vaid and Ankur Datta. 13. Hindu Law in Modern Times: How Hindu Law Continues in Modern India/Werner Menski. 14. Modern Hindu Dharma and Environmentalism/Pankaj Jain. 15. Hinduism in the Secular Republic of Nepal/David N. Gellner and Chiara Letizia. The Oxford History of Hinduism: Modern Hinduism focuses on developments resulting from movements within the tradition as well as contact between India and the outside world through both colonialism and globalization. Divided into three parts, part one considers the historical background to modern conceptualizations of Hinduism. Moving away from the reforms of the 19th and early 20th century, part two includes five chapters each presenting key developments and changes in religious practice in modern Hinduism. Part three moves to issues of politics, ethics, and law. This section maps and explains the powerful legal and political contexts created by the modern state--first the colonial government and then the Indian Republic--which have shaped Hinduism in new ways. The last two chapters look at Hinduism outside India focusing on Hinduism in Nepal and the modern Hindu diaspora.