Environmental toxicants, man-made or natural is ever increasing. It gets mixed with the environment which has resulted in devastating effect on humans, wildlife and whole ecosystem. The effect on human health is major concern as it causes loss of economy at a larger scale. The science and its further research progress towards finding the best possible ways to take care of the disturbing effect of the toxicants. The use of modern molecular approach had given us the insight of the mechanism may be involved in clearing the idea of disease and their function. The papers presented focused onto the damage that may be caused due to toxic chemicals and its amelioration by the use of safe and effective plant products. The use of herbal products has been a boon to Indian culture since ages. The studies of use of extracts of medicinal plants gave us the understandings that the results are surprising and are true and proved that herbal medicine and other forms of alternative medicine are becoming a new popular way of staying healthy. However, the recent stretch of science and technology has gifted us to think in the direction to the use of nanotechnology as the modern concept of disease prevention and control. The edited papers in this book will be highly beneficial to the budding researchers as well as teachers in the relevant fields.