This book on “Plant Proteomics: Concept and Applications” aims to highlight the diverse applications of Plant Proteomics in understanding plant molecular responses to various biotic and abiotic challenges. Recent advancement in mass spectrometry, complemented with the availability of more complete genome-sequence data and modern bioinformatics, has made proteomics a fast, sensitive and reliable technique to identify and characterize novel proteins and to follow changes in protein relative abundances under adverse environmental conditions. This book includes 13 manuscripts primarily on Plant Proteomics studies. We believe that this special issue on “Plant Proteomics: Concept and Applications” reflects the current perspective and state-of-the-art of Plant Proteomics, which would not only enrich us in understanding the plants response to environmental stressors but would further help us to move a step ahead in designing stress-tolerant crops. The articles in this issue will be of general interest to Plant Proteomics researchers, plant biologists, and environmental scientists.