Population ecology is a subfield of ecology that deals with ecology differences within and between populations, and is a part of evolutionary biology such as growth population, adaptation, speciation, population structure and it’s also a vital ingredient in the emergence of the modern evolutionary synthesis. Its primary founders were Sewall Wright, J.B. S. Haldane and Ronald Fisher, who also laid the foundations for the related discipline of quantitative ecology. Traditionally a highly mathematical discipline, modern population ecology encompasses theoretical, lab, and field work. Population ecology models are used both for statistical inference from ecological data and for proof/disproof of concept. What sets population ecology apart today from newer, more adaptational approaches to modelling evolution, such as evolutionary game theory and adaptive dynamics, is its emphasis on different ecological phenomena as dominance, epistasis, and the degree to which ecology and parental investment and offspring of reproductive strategies. This makes it appropriate for comparison to population data. CONTENTS Preface 1. Population Growth 2. Life History Strategies 3. Predation 4. Competition and Nicks Theory 5. Mutualism 6. Biodiversity 7. Population Dynamics Bibliography