Rev. Fr. Samuel Rayan (1920- ) is an Indian Jesuit theologian who has contributed significantly to the Indian Church. Being a radical humanist, Rayan is convinced that the human person in community is the object of God's special love. Through his theological writings, Rayan pleads for care of the earth, concern for life and commitment to people. In the last week of December 2014 a National Seminar was held in Christ Hall, Calicut, in order to study Rayan's Theological writings and to assess his contribution to Indian Christian theology. Most of the twenty-two papers collected in this book were presented at the Seminar and they reflect on the significance of the Indian Church and its role in the lives of the ordinary people. These have been suitably presented under 4 parts, namely: Theological Themes, The Church and its Mission, Approach to the Bible, and Theologizing in India. It is our fond hope that the book will inspire the readers to study Samuel Rayan's writings and discover his vision of a new Church and a new Society.